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InstaLinks : help you think beyond the issue but relevant to the issue from UPSC prelims and Mains exam point of view. These linkages provided in this ‘hint’ format help you frame possible questions ina your mind that might arise(or an examiner might imagine) from each current event. InstaLinks also connect every issue to their static or theoretical background. This helps you study a topic holistically and add new dimensions to every current event to help you think analytically
Table of Contents:
GS Paper 2:
GS Paper 3:
Content for Mains Enrichment (CME)
Facts for Prelims (FFP)
Syllabus: Role of Civil Services in a Democracy
Source: IE
Context: Specially designed Conduct Rules govern a civil servant’s behaviour and conduct.
What are the civil services?
Rules governing civil services:
Code of conduct highlighted in the rules:
Penalties for transgressions:
Issues with the Conduct Rules:
Insta Links:
PUBLIC SERVICE ETHICS/ADMINISTRATIVE ETHICS
Mains Links:
Has the Cadre-based Civil Services Organization been the cause of slow in India? Critically examine. (UPSC 2014)
Syllabus: Inter-State water dispute
Source: TH
Context: The water dispute between Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, stemming from the Krishna River, remains unresolved even after nine years since the bifurcation of the combined state.
About the Dispute:
The dispute began with the erstwhile Hyderabad and Mysore states and later continued between successors Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. It originated from the Gentlemen’s Agreement signed in 1956, which aimed to protect the Telangana region’s interests regarding water resources. In 1969, the Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal (KWDT) was set up under the Inter-State River Water Dispute Act, of 1956, and presented its report in 1973. It divided water between Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh.
After the bifurcation of the state, both states have proposed new projects (e.g., the project to increase Krishna water utilization above the Srisailam Reservoir) without proper clearance from river boards and authorities as required by the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014. This led to complaints and disputes between the two states. Also, Telangana has been pushing for an equal share.
Legal Provisions:
The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 mandates for the constitution of an Apex Council by the Central Government for the supervision of the functioning of the Godavari River Management Board and Krishna River Management Board. The Apex Council comprises the Union Water Resources Minister and the Chief Ministers of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.
Constitutional provisions:
Inter-State River Water Disputes: Under Article 262, Parliament may by law provide for the adjudication of any dispute or complaint with respect to the use, distribution and control of waters of any inter-state river and river valley. The Parliament enacted two laws, the River Boards Act (1956) and the Inter-State Water Disputes Act (1956).
About River board:
The River Boards Act provides for the establishment of river boards by the Central government for the regulation and development of inter-state rivers and river valleys. A River Board is established at the request of state governments concerned to advise them.
About Inter-State Water Disputes Act:
It empowers the Central government to set up an ad hoc tribunal for the adjudication of a dispute between two or more states in relation to the waters of an inter-state river or river valley. The decision of the tribunal is final and binding on the parties to the dispute. Neither the Supreme Court nor any other court is to have jurisdiction in respect of any water dispute which may be referred to such a tribunal under this Act.
Way forward:
To address water disputes effectively, it is necessary to establish a permanent tribunal with Supreme Court’s appellate jurisdiction and amend Article 262 and the Inter-State Water Disputes Act. Communication channels must be improved for consensus-building, and the central body should represent states adequately. The Ministry of Jal Shakti has issued a gazette notification defining the jurisdiction of river management boards, which can help overcome challenges. Clear demarcation of power for each state should be followed.
Other Inter-State River Water Sharing Disputes:
Insta link:
Krishna River water dispute
Mains Links:
Write a critical note on the Krishna River water dispute and critically evaluate the successes of tribunals in resolving river water disputes in India. (250 Words)
Prelims Links:
Consider the following pairs: (UPSC 2019)
Famous place River
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
Consider the following rivers: (UPSC 2015)
Which of the above are tributaries of Godavari?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 2 and 3 only
Answer: D
Syllabus: Conservation, Environmental Pollution and Degradation
Source:
Context: The World Meteorological Congress, the supreme body of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), is currently holding its 19th session (Cg-19).
The outcome of the Congress: It recognised climate change as a threat to human health and endorsed a 10-year plan – The 2023-2033 Implementation Plan for Advancing Climate, Environment and Health Science and Services by the WHO-WMO, to scale up health services.
About the plan:
Aim: To achieve better health and well-being for people facing existing and emerging extreme weather events, climate change and environmental risks.
How?
Significance: It is significant when
Significance for India:
Challenges:
Way ahead:
Insta Links:
Is climate change affecting global health?
Source: TH
Elayaperumal, a late Dalit leader, played a crucial role in the abolition of hereditary priesthood in Tamil Nadu. The recommendations of the committee headed by Elayaperumal formed the basis for the historic amendment to the Tamil Nadu Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Act, passed by the Tamil Nadu Assembly in 1970. This amendment aimed to abolish the system of hereditary priesthood and allow individuals of all castes to become priests.
Usage: Values that we can use from his life: Equality; Social justice; Human dignity; Integrity; etc.,
Source: IE
Tina Turner, the legendary musician, passed away at the age of 83. She was a trailblazer, especially as an African-American woman in rock and roll. Her singing talent and on-stage persona highlighted the pivotal role of African-American women in the genre.
Tina’s journey, marked by her escape from an abusive marriage, served as an inspiration to many. Her reinvention as a pop icon in the 1980s solidified her place in music history. Tina Turner’s contributions were widely celebrated, and she received numerous accolades, including Grammy Awards and induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Her impact extended beyond music, with a bestselling autobiography and a stage show based on her life. Tina Turner’s legacy as a pioneer across genres will continue to resonate.
Usage: Her life can be used as a story in an Essay paper. Also, values from her life e.g., Resilience and Perseverance; Overcoming Obstacles; Self-Belief and Empowerment; Embracing Change and Reinvention; etc. can be used in the Ethics paper
Source: LM
Context: India and Australia signed a migration partnership agreement during Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Australia.
Features of the Agreement:
Other developments:
To know details of India-Australia relations: Click here
Source: ET
Context: The Indian finance ministry has announced that courses in financial management, fintech, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) offered by foreign institutions in International Financial Services Centres (IFSCs) (such as GIFT City) will be exempt from certain provisions of the University Grants Commission Act and the All-India Council for Technical Education Act.
Regulation: Regulatory framework of the respective home country shall apply in all academic matters in such FIs. Also, the regulatory authority for IFSCs, the IFSC Authority (IFSCA), will have limited jurisdiction over these courses.
Aim: This move aims to provide flexibility and encourage the participation of foreign institutions in offering specialized courses in the financial and technology sectors within IFSCs.
About IFSCs:
International Financial Services Centres (IFSCs) are designated areas within a country that facilitate the conduct of global financial services. They are designed to attract international financial institutions, banks, and other financial service providers by offering a business-friendly environment and a range of tax benefits. It caters to customers outside the jurisdiction of the domestic economy.
Examples: Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC); GIFT City; Singapore International Commercial Court (SICC); Shanghai International Financial Centre (SIFC)
Source: DTE
Context: According to the latest UN inter-agency estimates, India has the highest child-wasting rate globally, with over 18% of Indian children affected by wasting in 2020.
Other findings:
Comparison of stunting, wasting, and malnutrition:
Source: PIB
Context: SAMARTH campaign was launched to promote digital transactions at Gram Panchayat Level
About the Campaign:
The SAMARTH campaign is an initiative launched by the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, to promote digital transactions at the Gram Panchayat level in rural areas.
Aim:
It is part of the larger AmritMahotsav celebrations and is being implemented under the AzadiKaAmritMahotsav, which commemorates 75 years of India’s independence.
Don’t get confused with a similar named initiative: Samarth Scheme (search in FFP section) (under Ministry of Textiles)
Source: LM
Context: The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Government of India have signed a $ 141 million loan agreement to support the development of infrastructure in three industrial clusters in Andhra Pradesh.
Clusters are:
This financing is part of a larger $500 million multi-tranche financing facility approved by ADB in 2016. The funds will be used to improve roads, water supply systems, and electricity distribution networks in the clusters.
Aim: To promote industrialization, boost manufacturing, enhance competitiveness, and create job opportunities in these areas. The project also includes measures to strengthen resilience to extreme weather, improve disaster risk management, and promote gender-responsive and socially inclusive development.
Other Industrial Corridors:
Source: ET
Context: The Indian finance ministry has announced that courses in financial management, fintech, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) offered by foreign institutions in International Financial Services Centres (IFSCs) (such as GIFT City) will be exempt from certain provisions of the University Grants Commission Act and the All-India Council for Technical Education Act.
Regulation: Regulatory framework of the respective home country shall apply in all academic matters in such FIs. Also, the regulatory authority for IFSCs, the IFSC Authority (IFSCA), will have limited jurisdiction over these courses.
Aim: This move aims to provide flexibility and encourage the participation of foreign institutions in offering specialized courses in the financial and technology sectors within IFSCs.
About IFSCs:
International Financial Services Centres (IFSCs) are designated areas within a country that facilitate the conduct of global financial services. They are designed to attract international financial institutions, banks, and other financial service providers by offering a business-friendly environment and a range of tax benefits. It caters to customers outside the jurisdiction of the domestic economy.
Examples: Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC); GIFT City; Singapore International Commercial Court (SICC); Shanghai International Financial Centre (SIFC)
Source: HBL
Context: A European Union (EU) audit has found “many weaknesses” in the certification of Indian organic products for exports to the EU.
Issues highlighted:
Regulator of Organic Products:
Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) (under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare) regulates the manufacture, distribution, sale or import of Organic products through the Food Safety and Standards (Organic Foods) Regulations, 2017 (under FSSA 2006).
Certification of Organic products: 
Source: PIB
Context: Indian scientists (from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics) have created a computer model of cosmic dust particles that can imitate the unique way interstellar comet 2I/Borisov scatters light.
Use: By studying the way light scatters off these cosmic particles, they can better understand how comets behave. The model accurately reproduced the scattering of light seen in experiments and observations. It revealed the presence of a large number of porous cosmic dust particles.
Cosmic dust particles:
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